Formasi Diskursus dan Subjektivitas dalam Novel The Water Knife Karya Paolo Bacigalupi: Pendekatan Arkeo-Genealogi Foucault

Abstract

This research is conducted to elaborate discursive formations, formation and surveillance of discursive subject, and the subject’s struggle towards the discourse in Paolo Bacigalupi’s The Water Knife. Data that is successfully collected are analyzed using Foucault’s archeo-genealogy method in two steps: archeology reading and genealogy reading. The result shows that there four formations forming a discourse, namely object, enunciative, conceptual, and strategy formation. Then, there are also four mechanisms of discursive formation, which are centering individual from society, training of control the activity of the body, testing individual’s body in the certain degree, and creating subject as body-machine of discourse. The mechanism of surveillance is done through three ways, they are hierarchial control, norm forming, and examination as intensive control. The effect of the dominant discourse is the rebellion against the discourse. There are two rebellion ways in the novel, namely parrhesia as the discourse discontinuity and the care of the self as means against the discourse.